Vibrant DSSC dyes

Dyenamo Cloudberry Orange

Description:

Dyenamo Cloudberry Orange is a dye optimized for applications requiring a combination of high transparency and performance. This dye works well with both cobalt- and iodine-based redox mediators and is also suitable as a co-sensitizer for increasing blue light absorption and electron lifetimes. It has an appealing orange color, reminiscent of the cloudberries of the north.

Full name:

(E)-3-(4-(bis(2',4'-dibutoxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)amino)phenyl)-2-cyanoacrylic acid

Typical properties:

E_OX (DCM) = 1.04 V vs NHE

λ_abs,max (DCM) = 451 nm (30 000 M^-1 cm^-1)

M_W = 781.01 g/mol

YD2

Description:

YD2 is a high-performance porphyrin dye with an attractive green color.

Full name:

Zinc(II) 5,15-Bis(3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)-10-(bis(4-hexylphenyl)amino)-20-
(4-carboxyphenylethynyl)porphyrin

Alternative name:

YD-2

CAS number:

1201915-91-4

Typical properties:

E_OX (DMF) = 0.89 V vs NHE

λ_abs (THF) = 648 nm

M_W = 1232.03 g/mol

References:

• J. Mater. Chem., 2010, 20, 1127-1134 DOI: 10.1039/B919645E

DPP13

Description:

DPP13 is a high-performance blue dye that performs especially well with cobalt-based electrolytes.

Full name:

(E)-3-(5-(4-(4-(5-(4-(bis(4-(hexyloxy)phenyl)amino)phenyl)thiophen-2-yl)-2,5-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-3,6-dioxo-2,3,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-1-yl)phenyl)furan-2-yl)-2-cyanoacrylic acid

Typical properties:

E_OX (DMF) = 0.99 V vs NHE

λ_abs (THF) = 587 nm

M_W = 1123.51 g/mol

References:

• Sci. Rep. 2013, 2446 DOI: 10.1038/srep02446

Additional information

This product is covered by patents of EPFL, Switzerland. Please contact us or EPFL (http://tto.epfl.ch) for further information.

Dyenamo Blue

Description:

Dyenamo-developed blue dye for high-performing esthetic DSSC devices.

Full name:

(E)-3-(5-(4-(4-(5-(4-(bis(2',4'-dibutoxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)amino)phenyl)thiophen-2-yl)-2,5-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-3,6-dioxo-2,3,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-1-yl)phenyl)furan-2-yl)-2-cyanoacrylic acid

Typical properties:

λ max (DCM) = 584 nm (49 000 M^-1 cm^-1)

λ max (TiO₂) = 563 nm

M_W = 1363.81 g/mol

References:

• ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2016, 8, 48, 32797-32804 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b09671

Additional information

This product is covered by patents of EPFL, Switzerland. Please contact us or EPFL (http://tto.epfl.ch) for further information.

Dyenamo Blue 2016

Description:

Dyenamo-developed blue dye for high-performing esthetic DSSC devices, improved version of DN-F10 (Dyenamo Blue).

Full name:

(E)-3-(5-(4-(4-(5-(4-(bis(2',4'-dibutoxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)amino)phenyl)thiophen-2-yl)-2,5-dioctyl-3,6-dioxo-2,3,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-1-yl)phenyl)furan-2-yl)-2-cyanoacrylic acid

Typical properties:

λ max (DCM) = 584 nm (49 000 M^-1 cm^-1)

λ max (TiO₂) = 563 nm

M_W = 1363.81 g/mol

Additional information

This product is covered by patents of EPFL, Switzerland. Please contact us or EPFL (http://tto.epfl.ch) for further information.

Dyenamo Red

Description:

The two dyes DN-F05 (Dyenamo Red, also known as D35CPDT) and the DN-F05Y (Y123) offer improved red-response in relation to DN-F04 (D35). Dyenamo's experience of DN-F05 and DN-F05Y is that they deliver very similar DSSC device performance and stability. However, out of these two dyes, DN-F05 is more cost-efficient in production and thus offered at a lower price.

Full name:

3-{6-{4-[bis(2',4'-dibutyloxybiphenyl-4-yl)amino-]phenyl}-4,4-dihexyl-cyclopenta-[2,1-b:3,4-b']dithiophene-2-yl}-2-cyanoacrylic acid

Alternative names:

D35CPDT, LEG4

CAS number:

1346255-80-8

Typical properties:

E⁰ = 0.88 V vs NHE

λ max = 541 nm (49 000 M^-1 cm^-1)

λ em = 717 nm (dichloromethane)

M_W = 1125.58 g/mol

References:

• Adv. Energy Mater. 2013. DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201300367
• J. Phys. Chem. C 2013. DOI: 10.1021/jp403619c

Additional information

This product is covered by patents of EPFL, Switzerland. Please contact us or EPFL (http://tto.epfl.ch) for further information.

Dyenamo Orange

Description:

Dyenamo Orange (D35) has been established worldwide as a reference organic dye for DSSCs. Excellent device stability has been obtained both under light and after at least 1000 h storage in darkness at temperatures of 85°C. The absorption spectrum of D35 makes it interesting also for indoor application due to a good match with fluorescent light. Moreover, it has been concluded that Dyenamo Orange (D35) is an excellent choice for see-through DSSC devices, due to high performance, good stability (also at 85°C), and an attractive orange color.

Full name:

(E)-3-(5-(4-(bis(2',4'-dibutoxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)amino)phenyl)thiophen-2-yl)-2-cyanoacrylic acid

Alternative name:

D35

CAS number:

1197992-37-2

Typical properties:

E⁰ = 1.04 V vs. NHE

λ max = 500 nm (31 000 M^-1cm^-1)

λ em = 597 nm (ethanol)

λ em = 658 nm (dichloromethane)

E_0-0 = 2.18 eV

M_W = 863.11 g/mol

References:

• J. Mater. Chem., 2009, 19, 7232–7238. DOI: 10.1039/b911397p
• D35 works without co-adsorbents:
  J. Phys. Chem. C 2010, 114, 2799–2805. DOI: 10.1021/jp908552t
• D35 is efficient in combination with cobalt complex redox mediators:
  J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 16714–16724. DOI: 10.1021/ja1088869
• D35 with tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) redox mediator:
  RSC Advances, 2012, 2, 1083–1087. DOI: 10.1039/c1ra00877c
• D35 in solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells:
  Adv. Funct. Mater. 2011, 21, 2944–2952. DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201002319
• D35 as co-sensitizer:
  Appl. Phys. Lett. 2012, 100, 173512. DOI: 10.1063/1.4707374
  Chem. Commun., 2012, 48, 10727–10729. DOI: 10.1039/c2cc35597c

Dyenamo Yellow

Description:

Since Dyenamo Yellow has practically no absorption above 500 nm it is suitable for making yellow devices with very high visible light transmission. Additionally, its high oxidation potential can be utilized for reaching device voltages well above 1 V.

Full name:

4-(diphenylamino)phenylcyanoacrylic acid

Alternative name:

L0

CAS number:

30388-31-9

Typical properties:

E⁰ = 1.37 V vs. NHE

λ max (deprotonated)= 378 nm (36 000 M^-1cm^-1)

λ em = 507 nm (deprotonated, acetonitrile)

E_0-0 = 2.9 eV

M_W = 340.37 g/mol

References:

• Chem. Mater. 2004, 16, 1806-1812. DOI: 10.1021/cm0349708
• J. Org. Chem. 2007, 72, 9550-9556. DOI: 10.1021/jo701592x
• Langmuir 2010, 26, 2592-2598. DOI: 10.1021/la902897z

Dyenamo Mareel Blue

Description:

Dyenamo Mareel Blue is a symmetrical squaraine dye with a vivid blue color that is well-suited for transparent DSSCs.

Full name:

(E)-4-((5-carboxy-3,3-dimethyl-1-octyl-3H-indol-1-ium-2-yl)methylene)-2-(((E)-5-carboxy-3,3-dimethyl-1-octylindolin-2-ylidene)methyl)-3-oxocyclobut-1-en-1-olate

Alternative name:

VG1-C8

CAS number:

1245046-23-4

Typical properties:

E_OX (DMF) = 0.79 V vs NHE

E_red (DMF) = -0.87 V vs NHE

λ_abs (EtOH) = 646 nm (2,95⋅10⁵ M^-1 cm^-1)

M_W = 708.94 g/mol

References:

• Chem. Commun., 2012, 48, 2782–2784. DOI: 10.1039/c2cc17187b
• J. Photochem. Photobiol., A, 2010, 213, 23. DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2010.04.015
• ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng., 2016. DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b00674

Dyenamo Transparent Green

Description:

Dyenamo Transparent Green is a vividly green squaraine dye with good stability in DSSCs.

Full name:

(3Z,4Z)-4-((5-carboxy-3,3-dimethyl-1-octyl-3H-indol-1-ium-2-yl)methylene)-2-(((E)-5-carboxy-3,3-dimethyl-1-octylindolin-2-ylidene)methyl)-3-(1-cyano-2-ethoxy-2-oxoethylidene)cyclobut-1-en-1-olate

Alternative name:

HSQ4

CAS number:

1613706-91-4

Typical properties:

E_OX (DMF) = 0.74 V vs NHE

λ_abs (DMF) = 703 nm (1,37⋅10⁵ M^-1 cm^-1)

M_W = 804.04 g/mol

References:

• Adv. Funct. Mater., 2013, 24, 3059. DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201303769
• ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng., 2016. DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b00674